Induction system



Aug-j 1958 L. T. GILL 2,845,911

I'NDUCTION SYSTEM Filed Aug. 28, 1957 IN VEN T OR.

/0 Z? V BY 4 Tron/var.

largeas possible. been made to accomplish this objective by providingin- United States PatentC) 4 Claims. (Cl. 123-52) The presentinventionrelates to charge forming means .for an internal combustion engineand,'more particularly, to an induction system and intake manifold forsuch an engine that will insure a high volumetric efliciency in thecharging of the engine cylinders.

To obtain the maximum performance and economy from an internalcombustion engine of the -rnulticylinder type, it is essential thatthe-charges forall of the cylinders be substantially identical in allrespects. In addition, the volume of the'individualcharges should be asIn :the past, numerous attempts have duction systems having intakemanifolds wherein the induction passages are arranged in variousconfigurations to facilitate the charging of the cylinders. Although theforegoing manifolds have produced acceptable results, the variousinduction passages present resistances to the flow of the chargestherethrough. These resistances have materially-limited the :powerdeveloped by the engine.

-In-order to overcome this resistance intake manifolds have beendesigned wherein the induction passages are tuned tohave a: lengthsuitable for producing a ram effect during the charging cycle. --In anengine such as employed in an automotive passenger car, in the rangewhere maximum torque is desired, the engine speed is comparativelylowcandixas'. a-resultthe ram pipes must have a considerable length inorder to produce the ram- Ining effect in the desired range.

It is now proposed to provide an induction system and charge formingmeans for an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold inwhich the various induction passages have a length suitable forproducing a ram effect even though the speed of the engine iscomparatively low. This is accomplished by providing a plenum chamberhaving throttled air therein and a separate ram pipe interconnectingeach cylinder with the plenum chamber. In order to reduce the over-allheight of the induction system, the plenum chamber is disposed over thecamshaft gallery cover and the ram pipes extend upwardly from thechamber and spiral downwardly to be connected to the intake passages.The air throttling and metering mechanism are mounted on top of theplenum chamber so as to be nested in between the ram pipes.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary end view of an engine employing an inductionsystem embodying the present invention.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the manifold employed in the induction systemof Figure 1.

Referring to the drawings in more detail, the present invention may beadapted to be employed on an inter-. nal combustion engine of anysuitable design. However, in the present instance it is particularlyadapted for use on an internal combustion engine 10 of the so-calledV-type. This engine 10 includes a cylinder block 12 having a pair ofangularly disposed banks 14, 16 of cylinders 18 with an upwardly openingspace 19 therebetween. A separate cylinder head 20, 22 is secured toeach of these'banks so that inclined plane faces 24, 26 onthe sidesthereof extend longitudinally along the opposite sides of the space 19.Separate cavities in the cylinder heads 20, 22 register with the openends of the cylinders 18 to thereby form combustion chambers 28.Individual intake passages 30 for each of the cylinders 18 extendthrough the heads 20, 22' with the inner ends thereof forming intakevalve seats- 32 communicating with the combustion chambers 28 and' theouter ends thereof forming intake ports 34 in the faces 24, 26. Intakevalves 36 are'disposed in each of these seats 32 and are actuated by theengine camshaft to time the flow of the charges into the cylinders 18.

In order to supply a-combustible mixture of air and fuel for thecylinders 18, chargeforming means 38 may I be disposed above the space19 between the two banks 14, 16 of cylinders 18. This charge formingmeans 38 includes an air induction system 40 and a fuel injection systemsuch as disclosed in copending application Serial No. 591,889, filed.Tune'18, 1956,in the name of John Dolza. This system includes meansresponsive to the fuel demands of the engine and effective to inject themetered fuel from the nozzles 44.and into the charge in proportionthereto.

The induction system 40 includes an intake manifold having a main body-46 and a plurality of ram pipes 48.. Thebody 46 is formed by asubstantially flat hori- .to control the flow 'ofair into the pIenumchamber 58.

.'..In addition, any suitable airmetering device such as a .venturi maybe provided onthe' throttle body 64 for developing a metering signal forcontrolling the fuel injection system. It may thus be seen that the body46 encloses a plenum chamber 58 in which only throttled air is suppliedto the center thereof.

The ram pipes 48 which carry the throttled air from the plenum chamber58 to the cylinders are all preferably substantially identical to eachother as to both their length and shape. The individual ram pipes 48 aredesignated 48A to 48H, inclusive, depending upon the cylinder which theyserve and they may be broken down into two separate groups 67 and 68.One group 67 includes the ram pipes 48A, 48C, 48E and 48G which have theinlet ends 70 thereof secured to the plane portion 56 on the right sideto open into the right side of the plenum chamber 58. These inlet ends70 are flared to create a row of ports 72 along the flat portion 56. Theram pipes 48A, 48C, 48E and 48G extend upwardly from the plane portion56 substantially normal to the plane thereof. The pipes then spiral overthe top of the plenum chamber 58 and extend downwardly to be secured toa flat plate 74 and form a row of openings 76 therein. This plate 74 isadapted to be secured to the face 24 on the left head 20 and theopenings are positioned to register with the inlet ports 34. The secondgroup 68 of ram pipes 48B, 48D, 48F and 48H are shaped substantially beseen from Figure 2 that the ram pipes 48 are oif-set longitudinally tocorrespond to the spacing of the engine cylinders 18 to thereby permitthe ram pipes 48 to be interlaced with each other. In addition, the rampipes 48 are placed to provide a clear space above the inlet 60 so thatthe throttle body 64 and air metering mechanism may'project upwardlyabove the plenum chamber 58 and terminate at substantially the sameheight as the tops of the ram pipes 48. It will be noted that there isone set of ram pipes 48A, 48B, 48C and 48D on one end on one side of theinlet 60 and another set of ram pipes 48E, 48F, 48G and 48H on the otherend on the other side of the inlet. Each set includes four ram pipes, i.e., two from each group 67, 68.

It may thus be seen that an induction system having an intake manifoldwith a plurality of ram pipes to produce a ramming efiect during thecharging of the engine cylinders has been provided. These ram pipes areall of substantially identical sizes and shapes. In addition, as aresult of their upwardly spiraling and interlaced arrangement theover-all length of the ram pipes may be sufficiently long to produce theramming efiect at even low engine speeds without unduly increasing theheight above the engine.

Various changes and modifications of the embodiment of the inventiondescribed herein may be made by those skilled in the art withoutdeparting from the spirit and principles of the invention.

I claim:

1. Charge forming means -for a multicylinder engine having a pair ofangularly disposed banks of cylinders comprising an intake manifoldhaving a plenum chamber adapted to extend longitudinally of said engine,a first group of ram pipes extending upwardly from the top of saidchamber to interconnect said chamber with the cylinders in one of saidbanks, a second group of ram pipes interconnecting said chamber with thecylinders in the other of said banks, an inlet projecting from thecenter of said chamber at substantially right angles thereto and adaptedto have a throttle body mounted thereon so as to project between saidrarn'pipes.

2. Charge forming means for a multicylinder engine having a pair ofangularly' disposed banks of cylinders comprising an intake manifoldhaving a plenum cham her adapted to extend longitudinally of saidengine, an inlet into the center of said chamber projecting normalthereto, a first set of ram pipes communicating with one end of saidchamber for interconnecting said chamber With the cylinders on thecorresponding end of said engine, the ram pipes for the cylinders in onebank extending upwardly from the chamber, a second set of ram pipesinterconnecting the opposite endiof said chamber with the cylinders onthe opposite end of said engine, the ram pipes for the cylinders in saidlast mentioned bank extending upwardly from said chamber.

3. Charge forming means for an internal combustion engine having a pairof angularly disposed banks of cylinders comprising an intake manifoldhaving a plenum chamber adapted to be disposed between said banks ofsaid cylinders so as to extend longitudinally of said engine, a firstgroup of ram pipes forming a longitudinal row of ports along the top ofone side of said chamber, said ram pipes interconnecting said chamberwith the cylinders in the bank on the side opposite from said ports, asecond group of ram pipes forming a second longitudinal row of portsalong the top of said chamber on said opposite side, said second groupof ram pipes interconnecting said chamber With the cylinders in theother of said banks, a vertical inlet projecting upwardly from thecenter of said chamber so as to have a throttle body mounted thereonbetween said ram pipes.

4. Charge forming means for an internal combustion engine having a pairof angularly disposed banks of cylinders comprising an intake manifoldhaving a plenum chamber adapted to be disposed between said banks ofcylinders so as to extend longitudinally of said engine, a verticalinlet projecting upwardly from the center of said chamber so as to havea throttle body mounted thereon, a first set of ram pipes projectingupwardly from one end of said chamber, a second set of ram pipesprojecting upwardly from the opposite end of said plenum chamber, eachof said sets including a pair of ram pipes connecting one side of saidchamber with the cylinders in the bank opposite thereto and a secondpair of ram pipes interconnecting the other side of said plenum chamberwith the cylinders in the other of said banks.

No references cited.

